Part IV
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GamblingResort.com visits gambling destinations on occasion so as to provide visitors with timely travel and casino information. The crew of Gambling Resort.com recently traveled to Reno, Carson City and Virginia City, Nevada, to explore the many dimensions of these historical places.
Carson City has a long and colorful history. It has been the capital of the Nevada Territory since it was established in 1861 during the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. Statehood came quickly, only three years later in 1864, as the the Civil War raged on, and the the city has remained as the capital throughout.
The population of the town has ebbed and flowed over the years. The boom and bust days of mining activity in nearby Virginia City and other towns, the construction and re-routing of various railroad transit points have contributed to major population swings.
To visit Carson City and Virginia City is to step back in time. The story now continues from Part III:
Carson City became a major freight and staging area for all the mining activity in Virginia City, in the 1860's and 1870's, with the help of the Virginia and Truckee Railroad, the V & T. Timber harvested in the Lake Tahoe basin became finished lumber here that ultimately helped to stabilize the mines in Virginia City and other mining towns.
Lumber was an essential component in the underground mines of Virginia City. Since collapsing mine shafts were a major killer of miners, a method had to be developed to protect the miner from the ever increasing problem of collapsing walls as the miners dug deeper into the mountain in pursuit of a vein of silver that turned out to be a half mile wide and seven miles long.
A mining engineer from Germany, Philip Deidesheimer, studied the problem and developed a method whereby notched timbers were interlocked into the shape of a honeycomb that allowed miners to go deeper and deeper into the mine without fear of the walls caving in around them.
This strategy, called the "Square Set," was soon duplicated in mines all over the world. Over time, some 750 miles of tunnels were dug beneath Virginia City with the help of the "Square Set." 500 million dollars worth of silver was ultimately hauled out of the Comstock. That represents several billion dollars in today's terms.
Miners came to the area in the 1850's in pursuit of gold. But they were plagued by conditions that were less than desirable. A blue sticky mud clung to their boots, to their tools and to their wagons. This gluey concoction made mining for a gold a miserable endeavor.
This mud, however, had a metallic sheen to it, as seen in the wheel tracks left by the wagons.
A sample of this glop was hauled over the mountains to an assayer's office in Grass Valley in California for analysis. The suspicions of the miners proved correct. This mud was worth a fortune. It held some $2,000 worth of silver per ton of mud. Word finally got out and Virginia City would never look back.
Henry Comstock, a drifter and miner, sold for $11,000 his questionably obtained 1/3 interest in the Ophir Mine here, which was to become the largest silver mine in the world. Mining claims were bought and sold and investors from San Francisco like George Hearst made fortunes that helped to fuel the building of that city on the Bay.
At its peak, some 30,000 persons made Virginia City home. The gambling halls and saloons along "C" Street became the center of the universe for a time. Virginia City was raucous, energetic, dangerous, crowded and populated by a rogue's gallery of outlaws, drifters and hustlers. Still others who came to town were well-intentioned.
So many eked out a difficult living as laborers in the mines, in harsh conditions, for two or three dollars a day, while others gambled and drank the hours away to no good end. A drink in the saloon was a welcomed thing. The temperature in the mine increased by five degrees for every hundred feet decline. At 2,000 feet below the surface, the temperature was 130 degrees Fahrenheit. Water flooded these mines as well and had to be pumped out while the tools became too hot to even handle.
A witness to the activities inside both the mines and saloons was a gentleman from Missouri named Samuel Clemens. He came to town and became a reporter for the local newspaper, the "Territorial Enterprise" using the pen name Mark Twain. In 1861, he wrote, "In Nevada, the cheapest and easiest way to become an influential man and to be looked up to by the community-at-large was to stand behind a bar, wear a clustered diamond pin and sell whiskey. To be a saloonkeeper and to kill a man was to be illustrious. More than one man was killed in Nevada under hardly the pretext of provocation, so impatient was the slayer to achieve reputation."
By 1864, Mr. Twain left town and later achieved a certain reputation himself as author of "Tom Sawyer" and "Huckleberry Finn."
One can walk down the center of "C" Street today in Virginia City and intuitively know what life was like there years ago. The appearance of the town has survived nearly unchanged for decades. The wooden and brick walls of these buildings and the wooden sidewalks too emit an unmistakable historical charm from every visible pore.
It is difficult to know for sure what the casinos and saloons that serve whiskey today were like in the day or if they even existed at all. The Delta Saloon, however, first opened its doors in 1863 and is alive and well today in its current manifestation. The Bucket of Blood Saloon has been around since 1876. It was built after the great fire of 1875 that destroyed some 1,000 structures in town. The McBride family has owned and operated the business since 1931.
GamblingResort.com is a travel website dedicated to the proposition that all worthwhile casinos, especially those flanked by history, deserve special attention. Useful information and photos of the venues can be found here as well. One can plan a trip to any gambling destination and book hotels directly at the site. Gambling Resort.com is ready when you are.
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